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Submitted
10 February 2025
Accepted
10 April 2025
Published
31 December 2025
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Abstract

This paper proposes a lightweight homomorphic encryption (HE) technique designed for secure data transmission in resource-constrained environments such as IoT, sensor networks, and edge computing platforms. The method integrates a modified AES structure—in which the number of rounds and key-expansion operations are optimized—with RSA’s multiplicative homomorphism to support limited encrypted computation while minimizing computational overhead. The modified AES reduces complexity in the Mix Columns and Key Expansion stages without compromising cryptographic soundness. Experiments conducted on a 32-bit ARM-based emulator (100 MHz) and Arduino-class microcontroller demonstrate reduced encryption time, lower energy consumption, and improved throughput compared with standard AES, RSA, and AES+RSA hybrids. Preliminary comparisons with lightweight HE baselines (LWE-based and CKKS variants) indicate promising efficiency advantages for constrained hardware. Security analysis confirms that modifications do not weaken resistance against known cryptanalytic attacks. The resulting framework is suitable for healthcare monitoring, smart grids, industrial IoT, and privacy-preserving cloud analytics.

Keywords

Cloud–Edge computing security Homomorphic encryption Hybrid encryption schemes IoT security Lightweight encryption Privacy-Preserving data processing

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Copyright (c) 2025 Sumaira Bashir, Amit Sharma (Author)

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Author Biography

Amit Sharma, School of Computer Applications, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.

Professor in School of Computer Applications 

How to Cite
[1]
S. Bashir and Amit Sharma, “Developing A Lightweight Homomorphic Encryption Technique for Secure Data Transmission”, Cybersys. J, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 98–105, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.57238/csj.2025.1018.
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How to Cite

[1]
S. Bashir and Amit Sharma, “Developing A Lightweight Homomorphic Encryption Technique for Secure Data Transmission”, Cybersys. J, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 98–105, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.57238/csj.2025.1018.
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